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Roman Numeral Converter

Convert between Roman numerals and decimal numbers.

Roman numerals can represent numbers between 1 and 3999.

Roman Numeral Converter & Ancient Number System

Convert between Roman numerals and decimal numbers with historical context and educational insights. Perfect for students, historians, and anyone working with classical numbering systems.

Bidirectional Conversion

Convert seamlessly between Roman numerals and decimal numbers with instant validation.

Rule Validation

Automatic validation of Roman numeral rules including subtractive notation and repetition limits.

Educational Context

Learn about Roman numeral history, rules, and modern applications with detailed explanations.

Educational & Professional Uses

  • Academic Learning

    Study ancient Roman mathematics and number systems in history classes

  • Publishing & Typography

    Format book chapters, volumes, and formal document numbering

  • Historical Research

    Decode dates and numbers in historical documents and inscriptions

  • Design & Architecture

    Create classical designs with authentic Roman numeral elements

Roman Numeral Symbols

Basic Symbols

I=1, V=5, X=10, L=50, C=100, D=500, M=1000

MCMLIV = 1954
Subtractive Rules

IV=4, IX=9, XL=40, XC=90, CD=400, CM=900

MCMXC = 1990
Range Limits

Standard range: 1 to 3999 (I to MMMCMXCIX)

MMMCMXCIX = 3999

🏛️ Roman Numeral Best Practices

• Follow subtractive notation rules

Use IV for 4, not IIII

• Limit symbol repetition

Maximum three consecutive symbols

• Use uppercase consistently

Standard convention for formal use

• Understand historical context

Rules evolved over centuries

💾Bookmark this tool for later use
• Press Ctrl+D (Cmd+D on Mac)